Breast self examination is simple, quick and cost free procedure. Breast selfexams are not a substitute for regular breast exams by a health care professional or f o r sc. This finding is consistent with results from other studies in which women usually discover breast cancer symptoms outside of a structured breast selfexam while bathing or getting dressed 3. They recommended the women over age of 20 years perform a monthly breast self examination. Breast selfexamination and medical examination related to breast cancer stage. Breast cancer is the second cause of cancer worldwide and the fifth cause of cancer mortality. Breast self exam breast cancer consortium archives. Breast selfexamination, breast selfawareness, clinical breast examination, and. Breast selfexamination an overview sciencedirect topics. A content analysis with a qualitative approach was conducted in depth on women through semistructured individual and group interviews.
Smith, deana manassarambaptiste, durado brooks, mary doroshenk, stacey fedewa, debbie saslow, otis w. The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge and practice of breast selfexamination and to. Breast selfexamination and death from breast cancer. Combining six studies which reported the circumstances of detection.
Breast selfexams bse are a diy test that women can use to look at and feel their breasts to check for anything abnormal. Continue to perform breast selfexamination if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have breast implants. Check for anything unusual, such as nipple retraction, redness, puckering, dimpling or scaling of the skin. However, the efficacy of breast selfexamination for decreasing breast cancer mortality is unproven. Women with breast implants need to take special precautions when performing self examinations. A cancer journal for clinicians, 2015, 65, 1, 30wiley online. Young breast cancer patients have a lower rate of survival than old breast cancer patients due to being diagnosed at advanced stages. Forty percent of diagnosed breast cancers are detected by women who feel a lump, so establishing a regular breast self exam is very important. Its important to remember that the vast majority of breast changes arent cancer, but visit your gp as. A breast self examination bse is a technique which allows an individual to examine hisher breast tissue for any physical or visual changes. Study the authentic statistics of breast cancer in india and read about comprehensive breast cancer management, understand how to lower your breast cancer risk, read about cancerous and non cancerous breast lumps.
Breast self examination observation checklist developed by long et al, 1993 it was used for assessing womens practice of breast selfexamination. In advanced stages, breast cancer cells may spread to other parts of the body like the liver, lungs, bones and brain, a process called metastasis. Practicing breast self examination and early detection of. While bses arent as largely recommended as a screening tool for breast cancer as they used to be, theyre still an important way to get to know your breasts and learn whats normal for you so you can detect anything out of the ordinary. Breast selfexamination in terms of knowledge, attitude. Randomized clinical trial results support combining cbe with. The method involves the woman herself looking at and feeling each breast for possible lumps, distortions or swelling. Breast cancer breastself examination health belief model nursing students turkey. The relationship between breast self examination bse and breast cancer stage at diagnosis was examined in 616 women aged 1559 years. There, the breast cancer cells may again begin to divide too quickly and make new tumors. Breast cancer is one of the most significant health concerns in the united states. Breast self exams are not a substitute for regular breast exams by a health care professional or f o r sc.
Breast selfexamination and breast cancer awareness in. Learn how to perform a breast selfexam to check for lumps or other breast changes that may signal breast cancer. The present study deals with the awareness and practice of breast self examination among the women in konaseema institute of medical sciences, andhra pradesh, india. Determinants of continued breast selfexamination practice. Brawley, richard wender, cancer screening in the united states, 2015. Breast selfexamination, breast cancer, early detection, breast awareness background there is a never matching increase noted in the incidences of breast cancer worldwide. Breast self awareness is also important in women with breast implants.
Better documenting womens knowledge and practices on breast cancer and breast selfexam bse would be useful in the design of. Pdf breast selfexamination and breast stage at diagnosis. Some factories in central shanghai were moved to surrounding areas, and others were merged. It has been identified as a major public health problem in both developed and developing nations because of its high incidenceprevalence, overburdened health system and added direct medical expenditure 5, 6, 7, 8. When breast cancer is detected early you have a greater chance of being treated successfully. Breast selfexams are an optional screening tool for women to check themselves for early signs of breast cancer. Examine your breasts in the shower use circular motions to identify the geography of your breasts. With the promotion of breast selfexamination bse and screening mammograms, the average size at which breast cancer is detected have been steadily decreasing. Research article health beliefs and breast selfexamination. Pdf randomized trial of breast selfexamination in shanghai. While no single test can detect all breast cancers early, believes that performing breast selfexam in combination with other screening methods can. Breast selfexamination bse is an effective method of detecting breast cancer in the early stages hill et al. Breast selfexamination bse is a screening method used in an attempt to detect early breast cancer.
Sabel md, facs, in essentials of breast surgery, 2009. Breast selfexamination bse and clinical breast examination cbe are. Bse was once promoted heavily as a means of finding cancer at a more curable stage, but large randomized controlled studies found that it was not effective in. Breast self examination bse is a lowcost, lowrisk, selfperformed screening, which, according to the evidence from the literature improves the prospects for womens survival. Breast self awareness bsa is a euphemism for bse, loosely defined as knowing what is normal for you. Breast self examination practice and awareness about. Regular breast selfexamination as a screening method. Both men and women should perform a bse at least once each month beginning at age 18. Pap test a stepbystep look at what happens during the test duration. Breast selfexam, or regularly examining your breasts on your own, can be an important way to find a breast cancer early, when its more likely to be treated successfully. Results showed that there was an improvement in total knowledge post education i t 43. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Treatment of breast cancer may involve surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women in zambia.
Women should feel around their breast and identify the implant, and then press firmly inwards at the edge of the implant to feel the ribs underneath and check for lumps. Risk factors of breast cancer and breast selfexamination in early. Breast selfexam breast cancer information and support. During the same period an estimated 35,427 women died from breast cancer a crude mortality rate of 12. Determinants of continued breast selfexamination practice in women 40 years and over after personalized. Some women, unfortunately, will either not be diagnosed or will not seek treatment until the breast cancer is more advanced. What is breast self examination managing your risk for breast cancer involves being aware of the signs and symptoms and monitoring changes in your body. One way to do this is to regularly perform a breast self examination. Pakistani women are on top of the list in the region to develop this disease and it has also been observed that they diagnose to have higher grade disease in early age. Breast cancer risk may be lowered by managing controllable risk factors. Performing monthly breast self examination was first advocated by the colombia university surgeon cushman experts. Download a pdf of the breast self exam english and spanish. Breast cancer is detected via mammograms, breast selfexamination bse, biopsy, and specialized testing on breast cancer tissue.
It is estimated that the prevalence of breast cancer in women aged 15 and over in subsaharan africa was 23. An intervention study breast cancer is currently one of the most frequent causes of mortality among women in the united states. The first hbm prototype used, involved the joining together of two major. Aim of this study was to determine knowledge, attitude and practice among stu dents of female medical university in taif towards breast self examination bse and also to explore their knowledge about breast cancer focusing on risk factors and clinical presentation. Therefore, the knowledge and practice of breast self examination is very important as everyone needs to know that early detection saves lives. Breast selfexamination practices and breastcancer stage. Learn how to do a breast selfexam bse to detect breast cancer. Though breast selfexams were once thought to be essential to screening for breast cancer. Among women who practice breast selfexamination bse, breast cancers may be detected. When it was investigated to find out womens reasons for not doing breast selfexamination, 97.
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. This card illustrates and describes the technique of breast selfexamination in both english and spanish. A breast selfexamination bse is a technique which allows an individual to examine hisher breast tissue for any physical or visual changes. Selfbreast examinations united breast cancer foundation. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. It is often used as an early detection method for breast cancer. If you no longer menstruate, do breast selfexaminationon the same day of each month, for example the first of every month. You may have lumpy breasts, one breast larger than the other, breasts that are different shapes, or one or both nipples that are pulled in inverted, which can be there from birth or happen when the breasts are developing.
Contact your health care professional if you discover any changes. Feel for changes in your breast, above and below your collarbone and in your armpit repeat on your left breast using your right hand these steps may be repeated while bathing or showering using soapy hands. Also, a change you notice on a breast selfexamination may be a kind of cancer that would never cause symptoms or threaten your life. Learn about the various risk factors, both genetic and lifestylerelated, as well as prevention methods for breast cancer from the american cancer society. Randomized trial of breast selfexamination in shanghai. Breast cancer is a global health concern and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women 1, 2, 3, 4. Breast selfexamination bse is widely recommended for breast cancer prevention. Breast cancer risk assessment and screening in averagerisk. Performing these exams monthly can help you familiarize yourself with the look and feel of your breasts so that you can more easily detect changes. No one said that they do regular breast selfexamination. Breast selfexamination bse, performed at the same time each month, takes little time, costs nothing and can help you be aware of how your breasts normally look and feel. The national cancer institute estimates that, based on current rates, one in eight women born today will be diagnosed with breast cancer at some time in her life. Get basic information about breast cancer, such as what it is and how it forms, as well as the signs and symptoms of the disease.
Visit our self breast exam page and download your free pdf to keep on hand. On pathological examination, the ageadjusted maximum tumor diameter of patients practicing monthly breast selfexamination was 1. The frequency of breast selfexamination in women who. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Breast selfexamination makes women more breast aware, which in turn may lead to an earlier diagnosis of breast cancer. A comprehensive online resource on breast cancer in india, supported by the pink initiative, and authored by a leading breast cancer surgeon from mumbai. Breast self examination involves feeling ones breast in a specific way. Awareness of breast cancer risk factors and practice of. Breast cancer risk assessment is very important for identifying women who may. Screening intensity can be increased by combining multiple screening. Awareness and practice of breast self examination among. In russia, more cancers were found in the breast selfexamination. Christus santa rosa hospital san marcos previously central texas medical center 106,593 views. The earliest stage of breast cancer is noninvasive disease stage 0, which is contained within the ducts or lobules of the breast and has not spread into the healthy breast.
A summary of key information introduction to breast cancer breast cancer arises from cells in the breast that have grown abnormally and multiplied to form a lump or tumour. The best time to perform breast selfexamination is about a week after your menstrual period starts. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting the women, it can be detected early by breast self examination. What are the roles of breast selfexam bse and clinical breast. The risk of doing breast selfexaminations is that you may find a breast change that makes you anxious and may lead to unnecessary tests such as a biopsy.
While mammograms can help you to detect cancer before you can feel a lump, breast self exams help you to be familiar with how your breasts look and feel so you can alert your healthcare. Selfexamination should be done in addition to, and not as a substitute for yearly breast examinations by your gp, and screening mammograms every two years these are available free of charge through breastscreen nsw by calling 20 50. For more information about breast health or breast cancer. Selfexam is the key to detecting breast cancer early duration. Neither of these practices have been found to detect breast cancer early or reduce breast cancer mortality.